malaysian roads are very dangerous Essays

malaysian roads are very dangerous Essays malaysian roads are very dangerous Essay malaysian roads are very dangerous Essay Malaysian roads are very dangerous. Discuss. Introduction Nowadays, road is one of the popular mode of transportation in Malaysia. Do you believe that over than a million of Malaysians are the road users in a day? They have their own personal reasons and destinations. In fact, 3,674,484 of private and public vehicles were moving on the roads in a day in 1987. On the other hand, In 2003 there were 12,021 ,939 vehicles on the roads. This shows the number of vehicles keep increasing yearly. I am sure, you can imagine the scenario on Malaysian roads with such number of vehicles which are moving on the road everyday? All of us know that, there are more and more accidents occur on our roads everyday. In addition, many of these accidents lead to death. In fact, thousands of Malaysian die every year due to road accidents. (Refer Appendix 1) Based on the statistics prepared by Police Department, the number of road accident increase tremendously during festive season. For instance, on the first day of Hari Raya Puasa in 1999, it was reported 572 cases of road accident while 568 cases during Chinese New Year. Surprisingly, on the 1 5th day of Hari Raya Puasa the total of road accidents went up to 9416 cases. In contrast, the total of 8259 cases of road accidents was reported on the 1 5th day of Chinese New Year in 1999. (Refer Appendix II) Overall, the fatalities during Hari Raya Puasa in 1999 was 203 and 206 during Chinese New Year. (Refer Appendix Ill) Moreover, during festive season the roads are congested with Malaysian who are going back to their hometown to celebrate their festival with family. In short, more and more Malaysians die every year due to the road accidents. The question is, who should be blamed for the increasing number of the road accident? What are the causes that contribute to road accident on Malaysian roads. What can we do to prevent the road accident? After doing some research and reading, I can simplify that there are some causes that contribute to the road accident. They are road, weather and vehicle condition, surrounding, drivers attitude and weaknesses in implementation of law in Malaysia. Road condition Based on research finding and record of accident cases, the number of road accident keeps increasing yearly. Actually, road in Malaysia is not really safe to be used. This is because most of the roads are not straight. Moreover, there are narrow and sharp This kind to road conditions may lead to road accident. Recently, there was an accident at kilometre 39, Jalan Johor Bahru, Ayer Hitam. The collision was between a factory bus and lorry at the narrow and sharp bend. Consequently, 5 Indonesian workers died, 7 paralysed and 26 seriously injured. All of them were the passengers of the factory bus. Chief Inspector, Zainal Abidin announced that, the victims died after getting a serious injuries especially on their heads. It has become worse when the heavy vehicle is going through the narrow road. Not nly inviting danger, but the surface of the roads is also damage. Therefore, the hole and destruction on the surface of the road will cause the traffic congestion as the drives have to slow down their vehicles. Thus, accidents frequently occur in congested traffic. Weather condition In addition, weather condition contributes to the road accident. It is dangerous to drive in raining cats and dogs, hot day and haze. In fact, speeding during this kind of weather condition may cause the driver to lose control on steering, tyre and brake. Driving during haze will blur the visibility of the driver. Consequently, the driver who drives in this kind of weather condition is easily involved in an accident. Furthermore, high quantity and low quantity of light exposure leads to accident. This is because the drivers could not fully concentrate on their driving. Vehicle condition We can say that vehicle is related to the driver itself. This is because the vehicle that unable to function properly will cause mishap. The driver should inspect the condition of lamp, signal light and tyre regularly. So that, the vehicle will able to run smoothly on the road. In most cases, signal light that is not function or if the driver orget to show signal before make turn cause the accident take place. Surrounding Other than that, the slopes of roads traversing the mountainous regions and forests in our country. The road lamps are placed at specific places only. Moreover, at certain places, the road lamps are not enough or unable to function properly. Therefore, the road signs could not be seen clearly especially at night. The percentage of road accident is higher at night than daytime. Drivers attitude Not only the road, weather and vehicle condition and surrounding are the causes of oad accidents, the drivers attitude is also one of the cause of road accident. In 2003, traffic congestion with this number of vehicles on the road. The drivers have to move their vehicles inched forward, bit by bit on the long rows. The drivers might lose control or become impatient in this situation. The impatient drivers might press their horns or cursing at other road users. It has becomes worse if the impatient drivers might put themselves and other road users in danger. Actually, drivers are the major factor of road accident in Malaysia. If the drivers are andling their vehicles under control of their emotion like tired, stress, anger, worry or even sleepy, they tend to involve in accident. Thus, they are unable to give full attention and concentration on the road. They might lose control of their vehicles as danger comes anytime without warning. According to the statistic endorsed by Police Department, the main factor of road accident is careless of the driver. It was reported by DSP Samsudin Mat, Chief Officer of traffic team, PDRM Selangor. 85% of the total of road accident is caused by road accident is caused by driver while 15% is caused by the other factors like road ondition, surrounding and vehicles that are not road-worthy. Fokus Minda Ogos 2004, page 78. Furthermore, most of the drivers are selfish, ego, careless and are unable to control themselves in any unpredictable circumstances. In addition to that, Malaysians love speeding. They ten d to race in order to reach their destination first. In fact, speeding brings harmful. What else can disturb the feeling of the family members of the road accident victims if their beloved are seriously injured, disable or even die? As reported by mass media on 18th September 2004, En. Redza Abdul Razak, officer in Transportation Department was Jostled by a trailer that passed by while he was on duty. The accident occurred at kilometre 14, Jalan Rawang, Kuala Lumpur. This incident showed that the driver was very selfish and did not care about others safety. Moreover, overtaking others vehicle is very dangerous without good knowledge on how to overtake in a safe way. The driver should know the right moment and the correct technique to overtake. Otherwise, collision might happen. In addition to that, the driver especially the teenagers prefer to disobey law. They ften ignore the traffic light. They will not stop when the red light appear. They Just go ahead without thinking the consequences of their action. Sometimes we can feel that the teenagers are purposely wanted to show off when their motorbike roared past. This kind of attitude will lead to the road accident. Furthermore, lack of toleration among the road users lead to the road accident. If all safety, accident or collision might occur. In this case nobody will get benefit. If nobody die or injure in the collision, both parties have to spend their money to repair their vehicles. We should avoid this kind of attitude. Toleration is important in order to guarantee our own safety and other road users. Thus, we should be careful and practice toleration on the road. Dato Abd. Rashid Yusof, General Manager of Public Work Department, Selangor mentioned that, l am never oppose that road condition contributes to road accident. But Human factor outweigh the other factors. The driver should get ready to avoid any accident and be prepared for any possibility that might take place on the road. (Fokus Minda, edisi Ogos page 79) Weakness in implementation of the law Another factor that lead to the accident is weakness in implementation of the laws in Malaysia. Therefore, The Police Department and Transportation Department should stricter and seriously implement the law to prevent the road accident. For example the fines to the those who are caught speeding now is not really heavy. That means the road users do not really score with the fine or law that we have today. Suggestion Now the question is, can we prevent the road accident? There can be no doubt that it is possible. Yes, I believe that we can cut down the number of accidents by having a stricter laws. Firstly, the driving tests must be made more difficult. The tests we have now are easy to pass. That means many of our drivers are not really skilled at handling their vehicles. In addition to that, I suggest that drivers should be made compulsory to sit for additional test every two years. This is to make sure that they have not forgotten their driving skills. 1 It is my view that, many of the vehicles on the roads nowadays are not road-worthy. Some of them do not have signal lights, others do not have good brakes and tyres. Such vehicles are responsible for many of accidents. Now, I am sure that you will gree with me that we should have strict laws so that only vehicles in good condition are allowed on the roads. This means that the government should inspect all vehicles every year. Another important cause of accidents is speeding. As we know, Malaysians love driving fast, and with so many excellent highways, the problem has become worse. We have to stop speeding by imposing speed limits on all our roads. Some drivers might disagree, but strict laws, I feel, is the only way to cut down on the number of accidents. Those caught speeding should be made to pay heavy fines too. And if they their licences. Another important point is that the Public Work Department have to make sure the roads are always in good condition. They need to provide a safe and efficient road system. At the same time, the road users should report immediately if they find that the road surface is damage. So that, the damaged road can be repaired as soon as possible. Nevertheless, the gov ernment should expand the narrow road and identify the hazardous location to prevent the accident. In addition to that, the government should educate the driver or motorist through campaign. The driver must be careful and selflessness on the road. Even though, there are many sign boards and speed limit signs are placed on the road, if the road users disobey them what can the police say? Thus, the driver should play their part too in order to prevent the road accident. For a long distance driving, the driver to should plan in advance so that he can reach this destination on time in secure. I am happy to hear that our Minister of Transportation announced the formation of Road Safety Committee Oawatan Kuasa Keselamatan Jalan Raya). I personally think that, this is a wise decision and right time in order to provide a safe and efficient road ystem in Malaysia. Conclusion In a nutshell, all the causes of road accidents are interrelated. All the above mentioned causes are responsible to make Malaysian roads are very dangerous places. Thus, it is responsibility of Malaysians to make them safe place. We have to cooperate each other and play our own role to prevent and simultaneously decrease the number of road accident in Malaysia. I hope that one day our perception on Malaysian roads will change. It is possible to make our roads a safe place so that the driver could drive smoothly and peacefully on the road.

Tracing Your Family Medical History

Tracing Your Family Medical History You know you got your curly red hair from your grandmother, and your prominent nose from your dad. These arent the only things you may have inherited from your family, however. Many medical conditions, including heart disease, breast cancer, prostate cancer, diabetes, alcoholism and Alzheimers disease have also been shown to be passed down through families. What Is A Family Medical History? A family medical history or medical family tree is a record of important medical information about your relatives, including illnesses and diseases, along with the relationships among the members of your family. A family health or medical history is begun by talking with your immediate family members parents, grandparents and siblings as they provide the most important links to genetic risk. Why is a Family Medical History Important? Some studies say that over 40 percent of the population is at increased genetic risk for a common disease such as cancer, diabetes or heart disease. Understanding your risk for developing such diseases is an important reason to learn more about your family history. By knowing your risk, you can make informed decisions about prevention and screening, and even participate in genetic-based research aimed at understanding, preventing and curing disease. For example, if your father had colon cancer at age 45, you should probably be screened at an earlier age for colon cancer than age 50, the average age for first-time colon cancer screening. How is a Family Medical History Used? How is a family medical history used? A family medical history helps document familial patterns which may impact your health, such as trends towards specific types of cancer, early heart disease, or even something simple such as skin problems. Compiling a family medical history can help you and your doctor spot these family patterns and use the information to assist with the following: Diagnosing a medical conditionDetermining whether you may benefit from preventive measures to lower your risk of a specific diseaseDeciding what medical tests to runIdentifying other members of your family who are at risk of developing certain diseasesCalculating your risk of certain diseasesCalculating your risk of passing certain conditions to your children What Should Be Included in a Family Medical History? Going back about three generations (to your grandparents or great-grandparents), try to collect details on every direct family member who has died and the cause of death. Also, document the medical conditions of all family members, including the age at which they were first diagnosed, their treatment, and if they ever had surgery. Important medical conditions to document include: CancerHeart diseaseDiabetesAsthmaMental illnessHigh blood pressureStrokeKidney diseaseAlcoholismBirth defectsLearning disabilitiesVision or hearing loss For family members with known medical problems, make notes on their overall health, including if they smoked, were overweight, and their exercise habits. If a family member had cancer, be sure to learn the primary type and not just where it metastasized. If your family members came from a different country, make note of that as well, as some medical conditions have possible ethnic roots. How Should I Document My Family Medical History? Family medical history can be recorded in a similar manner to the traditional family tree, just using standard medical symbols in a pedigree format - squares for men and circles for women. You can either use a standard key, or create your own which specifies what your symbols mean. See Tools for Recording Your Family Medical History for more information, examples, forms and questionnaires. If you find the forms too complicated, just collect the information. Your doctor will still be able to use what you find. Remove any personal names from your work before giving it to your doctor or anyone outside the family. They dont need to know the names, only the relationships among individuals, and you never know where your medical tree might end up! My Family Cant Help Me, Now What? If your parents are deceased or relatives are uncooperative, it may take some real detective work to learn more about your familys medical past. If you cant get access to medical records, try death certificates, obituaries and old family letters. Even old family photos can provide visual clues to diseases such as obesity, skin conditions and osteoporosis. If youre adopted or otherwise cant learn more about your familys health history, be sure to follow standard screening recommendations and see your doctor for a physical on a regular basis. Keep in mind that the format and questions dont have to be perfect. The more information you gather, in whatever format is easiest for you, the more informed youll be about your medical heritage. What you learn could literally save your life!

Case study-Southwest Airlines Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Case study-Southwest Airlines - Essay Example It is a lucid fact that only a satisfied employee can have organizational commitment. ‘Organizational commitment’ is an attitude of an individual with a strong desire to remain a member of a particular organization with willingness to exert high levels of effort on behalf of the organization, accepting the values and goals of the organization. Incidentally, Organizational commitment can be expected only from a satisfied worker and a satisfied worker is always a motivated worker. If there is no conflict between group goals and personal goals of a member in a group, i.e. goals of an employee and an organization in which he/she works are complementary and not contradictory, then the employee is motivated to work for the goals of the company, because, by doing so, he will be achieving his own personal goals. Thus, success of an organization like Southwest Airlines has been on account of the apt application of the various concepts of organizational behaviour like Motivation, Decision Making, Group Behavior, Communication, Power and Politics, Organizational Structure, Organizational Culture, Human Resources Practices and Change Management. These core concepts of Management in Southwest Airlines have been elaborated in this study. Research proves that a motivated and productive employee experiences meaningfulness of the work done, experiences responsibility for the outcome of the work done and has high levels of knowledge of the results of the work performed (Hackman, 1976). Motivation is the core of management. The employee benefits in this organization are designed to balance the dissatisfiers and enhance the motivational factors as described by Herzberg (Fredrick Herzberg, 1959). One of the special benefits offered to employees working at Southwest is flying free effective from the first day of employment. Employees, spouses, eligible dependent children, and parents of Employees have unlimited

An elderly person Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

An elderly person - Essay Example I discovered the hardships and abusive ill-treatment people face in our community when they grow old. It is only heartbreaking how elderly people do not receive the protocol by younger generations who do not, for once, consider the fact that they shall have to go through the same age later in life. This paper entails the abuses and neglects that people face at older ages and measures that can be taken to overcome these issues. A brief visit As I entered the old home, the disturbing smell of mothballs and urination got me. Soon immune to it, I moved on to identify people that might be most appropriate to be interviewed. Most of them had humped backs as if they carried burden of a million secrets for years. As I settled on a creaking bed to begin my interviews of selected people, I couldn’t make out if the squeaking sounds in the background were that of the bed or of their rusty knees moving. Each of them comfortably shared their experiences and as their wrinkled and leathery li ps moved, I could feel tears trickling down my cheeks hearing the tragic stories behind those blue and green veins and frail-skinned once-young people. Abuse and neglect of the elderly My findings from interviewing people at the institution concluded that they all have gone through some kind of abuse during their ageing periods. They face situations frequently where they are abused and neglected. This included physical abuse where their loved ones carried out actions aimed at injuring, hurting or causing physical pain to them. Due to old age, these people are like wilted flowers that cannot stand the pressure of air waves. They are incapable of defending themselves against physical violence and end up suffering from bruises, strains, burns and fractural wounds. Even worse, many elderly people were troubled through emotional torturing and psychological abuse. Using insulting verbal statements and humiliating language are common gestures that trigger psychological maltreatments. More commonly observed instances included threatening by their caretakers to desert them at old homes or similar institutions and hence some of them eventually ended up there. Rarely, there were cases that claimed that their family members were engaged in misappropriation of money or inheritance property and coercion to sign desired wills or legal documents. Mostly neglect was deliberate on part of their caretakers who intended to punish them by keeping them underfed or deprived of medications and other necessities. However, rarely some were of the view that their family was too occupied or incapable to take proper care of them (Lachs & Pillemer, 1995). Corrective measures The question that arises is how to stop this social evil that has embedded as part of our community. I inquired from my interviewees how they suggest this obstacle can be overcome. It is important that masses be educated at national level and through organizational activists and pressure groups so that awareness is est ablished and moral values are enhanced at individual level. It is the system and perceptions of people that need revamping to be free from prejudice against old people. Campaigns must be conducted to create better awareness and regulations must be incorporated that discourage and penalize such abusive acts. Rights of old people need to be restored through changes in legal frameworks and concept of institutionalization must be suppressed strictly.

Example a Level Psychology Experiment Essay Example for Free

Example a Level Psychology Experiment Essay Hypothesis – there will be a significant positive relationship between the scores on a memory test and scored on a test to predict your chance of being a millionaire Null Hypothesis – there will be no significant relationship between scores on a memory test and scores on a test measuring the chances of becoming a millionaire and any relationship is due to chance Method: Design – the method of the experiment was a correlational study; this was used in order to see whether there was a relationship between the scores on a memory test and scores on a millionaire test. The experiment used co variables, which were the score on the memory test and score on the millionaire test. Controls – in order ensure the test was reliable the extraneous variables needed to be controlled. Standardised instructions were used as a control to give all participants the same instructions during the experiment, which meant that the experimenter did not affect the communication of the instructions by changing them for each participant which reduces the amount on experimenter bias. A further control that was used was using anonymous data by assigning each participant a number to record that data on a table, rather than using individual’s names. Participants – the target population for the experiment were young people in the Gosport area of each gender. The sampling method was an opportunity sample of 10 students aged 17-18 both males and females (2 males and 8 females) at Bay House Sixth Form from an A Level Psychology class and the researcher was a Psychology teacher at Bay House Sixth Form. Apparatus and Materials – the materials used for the experiment were a list of 34 words created by the researcher that were projected onto the board, paper and pens provided for the participants to record the number of words they remembered, a watch to time the one minute period of remembering and writing down the words, an online questionnaire to measure likelihood of becoming a millionaire at bbc.co.uk/science/humanbody/surveys/millionaire1/index.shtml Procedure – the participants were firstly given an explanation of the research and what the study would entail for them. They were them given the equipment they required to complete the memory test whilst remaining anonymous and were given standardise instructions by the researcher of how to complete the test and the rules of the research. The participants were then shown the list of 34 words to memorise by projecting the list on the board and where given one minute to memorise as many words as possible. The words were then hidden and the researcher projected instructions to the participants to write down all the words they remembered and they were given one minute to do so. The number of words memorised were recorded by the researcher by assigning each participant with a number and they stated out loud their score. The participants were then asked to move to a computer room to complete an online survey to test their likelihood of becoming a millionaire, after they completed the questionnaire the participants had to record their score next to their memory score on a board. The participants were then debriefed by the researcher. Ethics – there were few ethical issues in the experiment as informed consent was gained by the researcher to ensure the participants were given instructions and the aim of the research. Therefore, there was no deception in the research and so the integrity of the study was intact during the memory and millionaire tests. Furthermore, all the participants were over 16 and so there was no need for the researcher to obtain parental consent for the study. Participants were also given the right to withdraw before and during the research, therefore the participants were not pressured to take part or complete the study if they were not comfortable with the terms of the research or what the data was being used for. However, there may be ethical issues regarding the wellbeing of the participants during the research as the study may have caused stress or anxiety in the participants when completing the memory or millionaire tests because they may feel the pressure to do well in each test, although the research was anonymous and so this may have reduced the amount of stress caused by the study. Scatter Graph for Data: The scatter graph shows that there is a weak negative correlation between memory test scores and millionaire test scores, which means that it does not necessrily prove our hypothesis that there will be a significant postive relationship between the two co variables. Therefore, the hypothesis needs to be rejected and the null hypothesis can be accepted as the null hypotehsis reflects what our results show on the scatter graph. The graph can also help identify outliers, as the partipant that scored significantly higher on the memory test and lower on this millionaire test could be regarded as an outlier as it does not follow the pattern of the other data found from the research. Evaluation: Design – the design that was used in this research was correlational, which is good as allows us to identify if there is a relationship between two co variables as well as allowing research to be conducted that cannot be done in a lab experiment as is would not be viable. However, correlational studies do not show cause and effect between the two co variables and so it cannot be stated that having a good memory will cause a person to become a millionaire in the future as it could just as easily be that being a millionaire causes a person to have a good memory. Sample – the sample that as used in this study was very small, as only 10 people took part in the research; also the participants were psychology students. Therefore due to the small sample and the specific type of participant the results may not be able to be generalised to the wider population. Furthermore, gender may have been an issue with the sample as there were only 2 males, whereas there were 8 females, therefore there was not an equal mix of each gender and so the results cannot be generalised. Tests – the tests that were used in the study were a memory test created by the researcher and an online questionnaire to predict that chance that the participants would have of becoming a millionaire. The memory test was good as it used standardised instructions, meaning that the test was more reliable as the same instructions were shown to all participants at the same time, which reduces the amount on researcher bias and means that participants can query any confusion they have. Moreover, the standardise instructions mean that there is high control in the research and so the results are reliable. The millionaire test may have had some issues as the closed questions that were used may have not provided an applicable answer, resulting in participants answering questions incorrectly which may have an effect on the results.

Cultural Funeral Practices Essay -- Culture

Globally, people celebrate or mourn the passing of loved ones in different ways. Because these traditions are engrained in cultural practices, some may not understand the reasons for death rites of passage. However, monetary challenges in reproducing these traditions can cause a change in tradition. This report addresses the different funeral traditions and offers a solution in the event of financial challenges. History Throughout history our primordial ancestors have believed in the after life. Such beliefs entail processes like burials and ceremonies, which some believed were used to be used in the afterlife or to be recovered in a later reincarnation. As Vicki Lensing cites Despelder and Strickland: Research indicates that as far back as 50,000 years ago, man exhibited concern for the dead. Neanderthal burials included food, ornamental shells, and stone tools. This implied a belief in the afterlife and a concern about life, death, and the rituals that connected the two. Other ancient civilizations such as the Egyptians, the Greeks and the Romans also demonstrated beliefs and rituals about death and an afterlife (2001). Because these beliefs originated in antiquity, one may question the nature of these beliefs. The way of thinking 50,000 years ago was quite different from modern man. According to the late author and psychologist Julian Jaynes, there was no consciousness within man then. Man was vulnerable to auditory senses and hallucinations, the only sense that can not be irreversibly shut off. When analyzing the bicameral mind, primordial thought was completely centered in the right-brain (Jaynes, 1967). When examining tradition, it is important to question the origins; for they may not prove useful ... ..., L. (2009). Leading the world: The role of Britain and the first World War in promoting the â€Å"Modern Cremation† movement. Journal of Social History, 42(3), 557-579. Retrieved from SocINDEX with Full Text database. (NEED DOI) IF NOT PUT IN THE WEBSITE References Dorsey, J. (2008). 10 Extraordinary Burial Ceremonies From Around the World. Brave New Traveler - Online Travel Magazine. http://www.bravenewtraveler.com/2008/06/25/10- extraordinary-burial-ceremonies-from-around-the-world/ Jaynes, J. (2000). The Origin of Consciousness in the Breakdown of the Bicameral Mind. New York: Mariner Books. Kazmier, L. (2009). Leading the world: The role of Britain and the first World War in promoting the â€Å"Modern Cremation† movement. Journal of Social History, 42(3), 557-579. Retrieved from SocINDEX with Full Text database. (NEED DOI) IF NOT PUT IN THE WEBSITE

Islam, Christianity, Judaism: Compared Essay

In the past decade, Muslims have been in the front pages of newspapers for militancy, from Palestinian intifadah (uprising) in the West Bank to Hezbollah’s armed warfare against the Israeli military forces. The most dramatic being the September 11, 2001 attacks on the United States by the Al Qaeda. This attack later on spawned â€Å"suicide† bombings in London, Indonesia and elsewhere around the globe. To date, the Al Qaeda remains active albeit possibly weakened and its leaders on the run. Its alleged associate groups such as the Jemaah Islamiya (in Indonesia) and Abu Sayyaf (in the Philippines) also remains active and continue to battle government forces in their respective countries. The Taliban continue their armed resistance in Afghanistan where they once held the reins of government. Undoubtedly, it is their faith that fuels the militancy of these groups. Whatever political motivations they may have in their struggle is underpinned and premised on their religious beliefs. Islam, Christianity, Judaism: Compared Judaism, Christianity and Islam claim to be monotheistic and worship one God. They claim a common ancestry through Abraham and share the prophetic tradition through Moses and the prophets. They all believe in angels and angelic activity in behalf of man. They believe in divine revelation and the last judgment. All adopt laces of worship and teaching, Judaism the Synagogue, Christianity the Church and Islam the Mosque. They place a heavy emphasis on prayer and hold special weekly days of worship, Judaism the Sabbath, Christians the Lord’s Day (or Sunday) and Islam the day of Salat (or Friday). (A Christian Comparison With and Evaluation of Islam, 2007). With these similarities, where lies the source of militancy and steadfastness of the Muslim mujahideen and jihadists? Why would a devout Muslim sacrifice himself in bombing military and civilian targets? The main area of theological difference pertains to the Christians’ (particularly the Catholics) concept of Holy Trinity. Christians see God has having three persons – God the Father, God the Son (or Jesus Christ) and the Holy Spirit. On the other hand, Muslims and Jews are simple monotheists and believe in one God, called Allah and Yahweh respectively. Both the Jews and Muslims see Jesus as man and not God but they differ in perceiving the significance of Jesus’ life. To the Jews, Jesus was an ordinary Jew (not divine) who crucified for claiming to be the Messiah. Muslims also see Jesus as a human (not divine) but that he was a prophet, a messenger of God (Qur’an, 5:17; as cited in Comparison Table between Christianity, Islam and Judaism, 2007). Furthermore, Muslims say that Jesus was not crucified, but was raised to Heaven by Allah (Qur’an, 4:157 – 158; as cited in Comparison Table between Christianity, Islam and Judaism, 2007). In addition, the Holy Spirit is also seen differently. It is a divine power given to the prophets according to the Jews. Muslims view the Holy Spirit identical with the Angel Gabriel who came to give God’s message to Muhammad. Comparison Table between Christianity, Islam and Judaism, 2007) Islam: An Overview Islam is a monotheistic religion that originated from the teachings of Muhammad. The word Islam means totally surrendering oneself to Allah (God). The word Islam is derived from the Arabic aslama which means to accept, surrender or submit. Its fundamental theological concept is that there is only one God (Allah). (Islam, 2007) An adherent or believer of Islam is known as a Muslim. Islam originated in Arabia in the early seventh century. At around this time, Muhammad had begun to proselytize. As of today, there are two major denominations of Islam, namely the Sunni and the Shi’a (or Shiite). The schism took place in the seventh century on the issue of rightful succession in the religious and political leadership of the Muslim community. Islam instructs that all faiths essentially have one common message: the existence of a Supreme Being, the one and only God. It teaches that God’s Sovereignty must acknowledged in worship and in the pledge to obey His teaching and commandments. These teachings and commandments are conveyed through His messengers and prophets who were sent at various times and in many places throughout history. (Zahid, 2004) In this regard, Muslim’s believe that God delivered his final message for humanity to Muhammad through the angel Gabriel. Muhammad is a prophet. He is man and not a god although being a prophet, he is closest to perfection of man. (Islam, 2007) Muslims believe that some prophets, even though human, are able to perform miracles to prove their claim of being messengers of God. In this light, Muslims consider Jesus as just one in the long line of prophets since Adam. The central religious text of Islam is the Qur’an that was written down by Muhammad’s companions while he was still alive. Nevertheless, the Muslims believe that the Qur’an is not simply holy scripture; it is the holy word of God. Hence, the words and meaning of God’s message can best be understood in Arabic, the language of Muhammad. Also, Muslims all over learn to recite portions of the Qur’an in its original language. (Islam: A Worldwide Religion and Its Impact in Southeast Asia, 2007) Qur’an literally means â€Å"recitation†. While the Christian Bible has been translated into as many languages as possible, the Muslims see differently. Any translation is simply considered as a commentary or interpretation of the Qur’an due to language differences and fallibility of the translators. It is also impossible to preserve the original’s inspired (by God) style. A supplement to the Qur’an is the Hadith (meaning â€Å"reports†). The Hadith is a complete and authentic record of the life of Muhammad. It recounts his words, actions and personal characteristics. (Zahid, 2004) Muslims are encouraged to emulate Muhammad in their daily life. They are to follow the Sunnah (literally, â€Å"trodden path†), Muhammad’s normative example. Five Pillar of Islam Obligatory actions are required of Muslims and these are collectively called the Five Pillars of Islam. Cline (2007) wrote, â€Å"Unlike Christianity, Islam is founded on orthopraxy (right action) rather than orthodoxy (right belief)†. The Five Pillars are ritual acts of worship. These were ordained in the Qur’an as a means to discipline humanity to remember God constantly. (Zahid, 2004) First is the declaration of faith or shahadah. This is expressed in the statement â€Å"Ash-hadu anla ilaha illal-Lahu Wahdahu la Sharika Lahu wa-ash-hadu anna Muhammadan abduhu wa rasuluhu†. The English translation is â€Å"I bear witness that there is none worthy of worship except Allah, the One, without any partner. And I bear witness that Muhammad is His servant and His Messenger†. (Shahadah: Declaration of Faith, 2007) Second is prayer or salat. This is offered five times a day because the prayers cannot be said all at the same time. As a result, they create a rhythm that structures a Muslim’s day. Prayers are to be recited at fajr (after dawn but before sunrise), duhr (early afternoon till late afternoon), ‘asr (later afternoon till sunset), maghrib (just after sunset), isha (late evening till late at night). The prayers are recited in the Arabic language. They consist of verses from the Qur’an. The third pillar is alms-giving or zakat. In Islam, man holds wealth as a trust from God. As trustee, possessions must be used wisely including sharing with the unfortunate. In practice, Muslims are required to annually give a fixed amount of excess personal assets for the benefit of the poor, the sick and the welfare of the community. Zahid (2004) calls this â€Å"purification of wealth†. Sharing, through zakat, becomes an act of purifying not just the wealth but also the giver for having disciplined oneself against greed through selflessness. Fourth is fasting or sawm. The fourth pillar actually refers to self-purification through fasting. Every Muslim fasts from sunrise to sunset during Ramadan, the ninth month of the Muslim lunar calendar. It involves abstinence from eating, drinking, smoking and marital intercourse. Sawm is a reminder of the believers’ dependence on God as well as their kinship with others who involuntarily fast due to lack of food or its unjust distribution. (Zahid, 2004) The last pillar is piligrimage or hajj. All Muslim should undertake a pilgrimage to Mecca at least once in their life. The hajj is a ritual to create a single community out of the diversity of the believers. Hence, ten kilometers away from Mecca, all pilgrims are required to wear the same clothing, which consists of two white seamless sheets.

Relationship Between Civil Rights Movement & Feminist Agenda

In this Essay I will examine relationship between Civil Rights Movement and how the feminist agenda of second wave feminism. Furthermore, I will explain how women shaped the Civil Rights Movement, and also how they redefined their own feminism because of the ways in which they interacted with the movement. In 1952, the separate but equal laws were once again challenged in the case of Brown vs. the Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas. The case was based on the segregation of educational facilities. The NAACP changed their focus from integrating higher educational facilities to integrated grade schools. After the change, the NAACP stepped in on this case and argued that segregated educational facilities were unequal, degrading to black students, and violated the fourteenth amendment's guarantee for equal protection. On May 17, 1954, the Supreme Court ruled that segregated schools were inherently unequal and did violate the fourteenth amendment. The decision of Plessy vs. Ferguson had finally been overturned and public schools were to be integrated. Brown vs. the Board of Education was a victory for the blacks, however southern whites reacted to the court's decision with extreme racism. There were two major reasons for the civil rights movement one was Impact of WWII and Brown vs. Board of Education. Females played great role in Civil rights movement. One sit-in involved Anne Moody the author of Coming of Age in Mississippi. During this sit-in, whites at the lunch counter attacked Anne Moody and other activist, but they didn't give up until they were escorted out by the police. This is what happened on the evening of December l, 1955: Parks took the bus because she was feeling particularly tired after a long day at work. She was sitting in the middle section, glad to be off her feet at last, when a white man boarded the bus and demanded that her row be cleared because the white section was full. The others in the row obediently moved to the back of the bus, but Parks just didn't feel like standing for the rest of the journey, and she quietly refused to move. At this, the white bus driver threatened to call the police unless Parks gave her up her seat, but she refused to give up her seat and bus driver called the police and they arrested her. So this respectable, middle-aged woman was taken to the police station, where she was fingerprinted and jailed. She was allowed to make one phone call. She called a NAACP lawyer, who arranged for her to be released on bail. Word of Parks's arrest spread quickly, and the Women's Political Council decided to protest her treatment by organizing a boycott of the buses. Women designed bus boycott. Jo Ann Robinson who was College Professor who talked to her friend who was attorney to help Mrs. Parks and also he helped to spread the news of bus boycott. The boycott was set for December 5, the day of Parks's trial, but Martin Luther King, Jr. nd other prominent members of Montgomery's black community realized that here was a chance to take a firm stand on segregation. As a result, the Montgomery Improvement Association was formed to organize a boycott that would continue until the bus segregation laws were changed. Leaflets were distributed telling people not to ride the buses, and other forms of transport were laid on. The boycott lasted 382 days, causing the Bus Company to lose a vast amount of money. Everyone played and tried their best to keep up with the boycott. They walked to work etc. One day this old lady who looked very tired and this white men saw her and offered her to ride in his car, she responded â€Å"my feets is tired, but my soul is rested† Meanwhile, Parks was fined for failing to obey a city ordinance, but on the advice of her lawyers she refused to pay the fine so that they could challenge the segregation law in court. The following year, the U. S. Supreme Court ruled the Montgomery segregation law illegal, and the boycott was at last called off. Yet Parks had started far more than a bus boycott. Other cities followed Montgomery's example and were protesting their segregation laws. Also they did other acts such as The March on Washington, Martin Luther King's speech. Mean reason they had many organiztion which were orgainized very well such as NAACP, SNCC, and also their success was because Non violent direct confrontation. They knew the consequences breaking the rules but they desire and wants were much more stronger. Second wave of feminism they want a right too This protest begin in 1950 and died in 1984. They want to have equal pay, higher education, and want to end the discrimination. Second Wave feminism had two branches, Liberal Feminists and Radical Feminists also Working class women played great role too. Liberal Feminist's objectives were for equality within the existing social structure and also equality with men. However, Radical Feminists objectives were to breakdown of the system of power that sustains mail advantage in every sphere of life, including economics, politics, the family, religion, law, education, science, and medicine, as well as in the interactions of everyday life. Also Radical women are not defined as white, middle class agenda rather social class and ethnicity/race define the issues facing women also. The relationship between the Civil Rights Movement and the feminist agenda of Second wave feminism those women played great role in both. They both of these want to have equal rights, at work, school, and also end the discrimination. Civil Rights Movement and Second Wave of Feminism struggled greatly but they had great success. In conclusion, I would say that Civil Rights Movement and Second Wave of Feminism struggled a lot but after all it was worth it. They had many similarities and women played great roles organizing meetings and interaction with other women that brought unity and that lead them into success.

Native Women essays

Native Women essays a). It would be difficult for a French Catholic historian who was a devout Catholic to write a book about Kateri Tegawitha that would show respect for her people, and be critical of those who have written about her before because it was normally unusual for a native to embrace Christianity so wholeheartedly. In the 17th century, the Mohawk and French were deadly enemies in constant struggle with each other. Many of the French were anti-Iroquois (including Mohawk), Xavier Garneau being the most influential of them all. He despised them, calling them des loups alteres du sang, translated means blood thirsty wolves. (Steckley 1999:60; Smith 1974:28) The Mohawk considered a barbaric and degraded race were ferocious and wild, as the animals that roamed the land with them. Many writers look at strength and courage, as well as her intent. b). The portrayal of Chipewyan and Dene women are so negative and misleading because these women seen as submissive workers dominated by their husbands and fathers. They had no respect, considered lowly by their men. One in particular, Matonabbee, a Chipewyan trader; according to traditional Chipewyan culture included polygamy, with a man having two or three wives. Mantonabbee treated his wives as the economic assets; he acquired through trade but also through murder, theft and threat, an exceptionally large amount of pelts and European trade goods. Marriage was a way of hiring workers. (Steckley 89) It is their determination that drives them. In the case of Thanadelthur, here is a woman who gave her all in order to accomplish her task. She pushed herself to the limits when trying to reach another tribe to establish trade relations. However, she only did this to secure a better future for her people. c). The Mikmaq Mercenary Myth is popular among historians and other writers because of their connection to the French. It might answer the question o ...

How to Create a Nursing Resume to Get You Hired

How to Create a Nursing Resume to Get You Hired You’ve put in the hard work and training to get all of your certifications, now you’re ready to go out into the world and start helping people- and getting paid for the privilege. You may think, as long as your qualifications are complete, you don’t need to do anything else. Unfortunately, you’ve got one more hurdle to clear. Yes, nurses. You too need a killer resume. Set yourself up against your classmates who’ll be applying for the same jobs you will by making sure to craft a clear, professional resume that highlights your particular skills and experience.There are a number of templates to be found online- for any position. Whether you’re looking for a position as an entry-level RN or nursing assistant, or you’re hoping for a significant promotion, the Internet can help.Step one: make your resume. Check out some resume samples.  Do a bit of research to see what seems to work best in a nursing resume. Ask your mentor or someone in t he profession you respect. Remember, the more work you put into your resume, the easier it will be to land the job.Once you’ve got your resume in order, make sure to have a friend or colleague proof it. Make sure you’ve struck the right tone- somewhere between confident and not-too-cocky. Then write yourself a cover letter, explaining anything you think is relevant or providing context you didn’t have space to provide in any one particular section of your resume.Remember, hiring managers don’t know you. Make sure you’re painting the clearest possible picture of who you are and what you do and why they’d be stupid not to hire you.

Commercial Transactions and International Law Essay

Commercial Transactions and International Law - Essay Example UCITA applies to computer information and further defines computer information as "information in electronic form that is obtained from or through the use of a computer" (Grier, Keane, & Gilbert, 2001). When both hard goods and computer information is involved in the transaction, the Acts may overlap. According to Grier et al. (21001), "Many commentators suggest that only after years of litigation will we be able to say definitively which law governs which type of transaction". A license is a permission to use. In the context of computer information, the user is granted permission to use the software or the process of a computer program for a set period of time. They have no ownership of the property and as such they may not be able to review it, divulge it, or modify it. The term of the license is set at a predetermined length of time. If the product is sold, it becomes the property of the purchaser. In most cases, this gives the owner the right to act in several ways that are prohibited by a license. The owner may modify, sell, or discard the product. The definition of computer information is so vastly different from a "hard good", that it does not fit well into article 2. It required a redefinition and a new set of rules to regulate it.

Self Assessment Exercise Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Self Assessment Exercise - Personal Statement Example This accounted to the integrity that I developed as an individual and as a professional. One common factor that I saw in all the mentors whom I was exposed to right from the childhood was their intense respect towards their counterparts. Interestingly, I found them many them being able to respect professionals who even opposed their ideology. This is one core value I always wanted me in me since then and I continuously ensure to live up to this value. In my professional life in running a law firm I consider these core values very important. I believe that a law firm without professional integrity would be a threat to the society and the profession as such. Being a profession with stakeholders ranging from client base to opponents, to respectfully deal with all stakeholders will help me leave a mark in the profession. Eventually, integrity and respect for stakeholders, be it clients or opponents which are my core values will become a brand identity of my law firm. I have had good professional experience as a real estate paralegal. This has exposed me extensively to various legal frameworks and professional systems which exist within the industry. The scope of professional training and qualification as a lawyer has been realized all through my experience being a paralegal. I have understood the gaps in the industry and it is these gaps which I would like to fill in being an entrepreneur. With the technical knowledge acquired from the classes, I have improved this aspiration of starting up a law firm. Liptak (2008) relates entrepreneurship with the person’s freedom and attitude aligned with work. With reference to this approach, I see my entrepreneurial prospects as quite bright. My previous work experience always urged me to be independent and self driven. The learning which I acquired from the work has been seen by me as foundation for my own law firm. Along with this my core values give me right attitude to take